One example would be this: I am at work and my supervisor tells me to call someone on the phone to obtain more information (she is oddly opposed to email...says it is too impersonal). I often do not know what to ask for the information, appropriately navigate the phone call, etc. However, I also do not know how to ask my supervisor for help in this area. Self-diagnosed and haven't told anyone at work about my struggles...
Have a notepad and pen handy at work always. When given more then basic instructions write it down or if you miss it ask your boss to repeat it so you can write it down. In this case if the boss does not mention what info they want, ask what information they want you to get. If asked why you are writing it down say that it is to be sure not to forget anything and get all the needed info. Generally workers taking notes is seen as a responsible behavior.
Another example would be if I am at a church event or similar social setting with lots of people. It can be very overwhelming for me and it's hard to cope. The way my church works is that you walk in and they seat from front to back of the auditorium, so when you get there depends on where you sit. They don't sit people in the back unless you get there late. I love my church and they way they do things, but the y use a lot of bright lights on stage and have very loud music. I would prefer to sit in the back but do not know who to ask to sit in the back or if that would be acceptable to sit in the very back when they want people to fill in the rows of seats from front to back.
There are two approaches. First, the next time an usher takes you to your seat, tell them you need to sit in the back because you have a problem with the loud noise and lights. They should seat you in the back without further question. If for some reason they insist you sit in front, go sit in front and once the service has started get up and seat yourself in back. Or get up go to the rest room and when returning sit in the back. This is a medical issue and if any usher is not understanding, first talk to the Head usher about it and if that doesn't solve the problem speak with the Deacon, or Pastor.
A third example would be in school. I have auditory processing issues (just found out about this this past week from a professional), though no official diagnosis has been given yet since I've only been to one session so far with the psychologist. I had a lot of problems in my undergrad with professors during lectures. I would often have difficulty following what they were saying, staying focused because of
Do some experimentation with sitting in different places in the room or auditorium (ie. front, back, left, right, middle). The acoustics can be quite different in different locations and some will be likely easier for you to hear then others. It might change depending on the lecturer though. Some are loud and some quieter, etc.
As far as having difficultly processing the lecture, can you expand on that a little?