Slithytoves
Oblique Strategist
Autism is a spectrum, a range. Let's just arbitrarily call them low, medium and high functioning.
All may have various and sundry issues that make social integration into their cultural world difficult for them.
The L's may be the most challenged or distressed and need support and perhaps a hand relatively offer.
The M's may have better social and/ or coping skills.
The H's (Aspergers) are socially inept but focused and clever and they develop systems and tools that allow many H's not only flourish, even excel, although perceived by the NT's as abrasive, quirky, eccentric, and thus shunned and isolated.
I could be wrong.
One important distinction needs to be made. The four previously recognized ASDs have been subsumed into one umbrella dx, but only in the U.S. (in the DSM), so we can still consider the four disorders as discrete for the purposes of discussion. That said, levels of functioning should be described for each individual disorder, not with Asperger's identified as the high-functioning group. There are people diagnosed with Asperger's whose functioning is far more impaired than some diagnosed with Autistic Disorder.
Also, the autism spectrum was originally called such because it included an array, or "spectrum", of related but different disorders. It is only recently that the term "spectrum" has come to be associated with the range of severity or traits demonstrated by individuals with the same ASD, and not everyone within or outside of the research community has made this transition. For those concerned about the wisdom and ramifications of the APA decision to fold the four separate disorders into one, maintaining the original definition of "autism spectrum" is very important (I'm obviously one of those people). If we allow "spectrum" to refer to range of traits and severity within a single disorder, forgetting its original intent, it is effectively tacit support of the new Autism Spectrum Disorder umbrella dx. This is how language assists the permanent institutionalization of change. Just something to think about. Sorry if it read like a lecture.