Speaking as an audiophile, I can actually recommend a headphone that not only sounds great but also blocks out plenty of sound--the Audio-Technica ATH-M50. If you're not using noise-canceling technology, or if they aren't in-ear phones (which cause all sorts of sensory issues in themselves!), the trick is to have a fair amount of bass...and the AT's have a good low-end heft to them while still maintaining a fairly neutral sound, and the bass doesn't drown out the rest of the frequencies. For me, sonically, it's a perfect sweet spot when it comes to blocking outside noise. Unfortunately, I think they recently updated the model, and they're a lot more expensive now (I got mine for around $100, I assume because they were just on the cusp of releasing said new model). The only issue with them is that, when you first get them, they clamp rather tightly and sort of need to be broken in before they feel comfortable...so that's another sensory problem right there!I just made an order last night for Sennheiser HD280 PRO headphones. Though they not noise cancelling headphones, they do reduce noise up to 32dB. They meant to be use as professional monitor headphones for a studio so I know they do a good job. Though choosing headphones can be hard for some people. Most consumers like headphones that enhanced sounds such as using Beats. While an audiophile might want headphones to sound natural to hear all the original sounds the artist recorded in high fidelity. I recommend anyone picking up headphones is to find stores to allow you to try them on before buying.
The HiFiMan HE-400 is actually quite similar, a fair amount of heft to the bass and better-sounding than the AT's...but they are MUCH more expensive!