Oh hell i dont know. Long time ago, im a grown man now. You dont believe me i guess. Thats ok. Used to be stick was all we had for exhaust repair, and blowpipe work and all that. There is like 2 ez things that can be done and one tricky one, that i dont know how they did it.
So... the rod is ez bc there was only a few we had. 6011,7018, something we called jetrod, all just 1/8. I tried smaller sizes but never did work right. The filler rod was for tig, it was smaller, no coating like on stick rods.
So with all of it running the arc needs to be stabil but not distort the metal, then the filler rod was used to do the weld. Its more like torch welding than tig technique. Im sure its not proper, i know i welded tin cans with it
The most common field application is in blowpipe work, so thats...
like looks like a culvert sorta, and goes up on stands at a saw mill, its for moving dust.
We would say 30 inch round or something, i never knew the wall thickness. Some was pipe to formed flange,(like angle rolled into a ring) some was called bell and dove, or bell and cove.
that was a mod done to the tubing in the air, one side made smaller and the other belled out. That was tacked and then stitched and then glued up with silicone or airball it would depend. Those joints were all stick.
Other than using filler rod, the other thing ive actually done is modify the ground wire. I forget now, i think it was ground like three times as long as the work lead, rock solid work clamp. I made a few of those to deal with arcblow. The spring loaded jaw style is convenient, but not a solid mechanical connection, we would make 3bolt bar clamps instead and use those.